用众第五
凡战之道，用寡固，用众治；寡利烦，众利正。用众进止，用寡进退。众以合寡，则远裹而阙之；若分而迭击，寡以待众；若众疑之，则自用之。擅利则释旗，迎而反之。敌若众，则相众而受裹。敌若寡若畏，则避之开之。
凡战，背风，背高，右高左险；历沛历圮，兼舍环龟。
凡战，设而观其作，视敌而举。待则循而勿鼓，待众之作；攻则屯而伺之。
凡战，众寡以观其变，进退以观其固，危而观其惧，静而观其怠，动而观其疑，袭而观其治。击其疑，加其卒，致其屈，袭其规。因其不避，阻其图，夺其虑，乘其惧。
凡从奔勿息，敌人或止于路，则虑之。凡近敌都，必有进路，退必有反虑。
凡战，先则弊，后则慑；息则怠，不息亦弊，息久亦反。
其慑书亲绝，是谓绝顾之虑；选良次兵，是谓益人之强；弃任节食，是谓开人之意；自古之政也。
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用众 Employing Masses
(1)
凡战之道，用寡固，用众治，寡利烦，众利正。用众进止，用寡进退。众以合寡，则运裹而阙之，若分而迭击。寡以待众，若众疑之，则自用之。擅利，则释旗迎而反之。敌若众，则相众而受裹。敌若寡若畏，则避之开之。
In warfare, when you employ a small number, their defense should be
solid. When you employ a large mass they must be well-ordered. With a
small force it is advantageous to win using unorthodox methods; with a
large mass, it is advantageous to use orthodox tactics. When employing a
large mass, they must be able to advance and stop; when employing a
small number, they must be able to advance and withdraw. If your large
mass encounter a small enemy force, surround them at a distance but
leave one side open. Conversely, if you divide your forces and attack in
turn, a small force can withstand a large mass. If their masses are
beset by uncertainty, you should take advantage of it. If you are
attacking an enemy that is occupying a strategic position, abandon your
flags as if in flight, and when the enemy attacks turn around to mount a
counterattack. If the enemy is vast, then concentrate your force and
let them surround you. If the enemy is fewer and fearful, avoid them at
the moment and attack when opportunity arises.
指挥作战的要领，兵力弱小应力求营阵巩固，兵力强大，应力求严整不乱。兵力弱小利于变化莫测出奇制胜，兵力强大利于正规作战。兵力强大要能进能止
[稳重如山]，兵力弱小要能进能退[出没无常]。用优势兵力与劣势敌人交战，应从远处形成包围并留个缺口“让他溃逃”。分批轮番攻击敌人，就要以少战多。
用拐势兵力对付优势敌人，就要虚张声势迷惑敌人，采用出敌意外的方法争取胜利。如果敌人已占据了有利地形，就卷起军旗，假装败退引诱它出来，然后反击它。
如果敌人兵力很多，应当察明情况并准备在被围攻的情况下作战。如果敌人兵少并害怕被灭，就应先退让一步，然后乘隙消灭它。
(2)
凡战，背风背高，右高左险，历沛历圮，兼舍环龟。
In warfare, keep the wind to your back, the mountains behind, heights
on the right and defiles on the left. Pass through wetlands, cross over
damaged roads. Select camping grounds that is configured like a
turtle's back.
凡是作战，要背着风向背靠高地，右边依托高地左边依靠险要，遇着沼泽地和崩塌地要迅速通过，宿营要选择四面有险可守、中间较高的地形。
(3)
凡战，设而观其作，视敌而举。待则循而勿鼓，待众之作。攻则屯而伺之。
In warfare, after deployment, observe the enemy actions. Watch the
enemy and then initiate movement. If they are waiting for our attack,
then act accordingly. Do not drum the advance, but await the moment when
their masses arise. If they attack, concentrate your forces and attack
his weakness.]
一般作战，先摆好阵势，不忙于作战，看敌人怎样行动，再采取相应的行动。如果发现敌人已准备好圈套，等待我去中它的计，为了适应这种情况，就暂不发起进攻，而等待观察敌人主力的行动。如果敌人进攻，就集中兵力看准敌人的破绽去打击它。
(4)
凡战，众寡以观其变。进退以观其固，危而观其惧，静而观其怠，动而观其疑，袭而观其治。击其疑，加其卒，致其屈。袭其规，因其不避，阻其图，夺其虑，乘其惧。
In warfare, employ large and small numbers to observe their tactical
variations; advance and retreat to probe the solidity of their defenses.
Endanger them to observe their fears. Be tranquil to observe if they
become lax. Move to observe if they have doubts. Mount a surprise attack
to see their discipline. Mount a strike when they are in doubts. Attack
when they are unprepared so they are not able to fight with full
strength. Attack his well ordered formation to break down his
deployment. Use their failure to attack them, preventing them from
executing their strategies, forcing them to abandon it and when they are
fearful, attack them.
一般作战，应使用或多或少的兵力去试探敌人，以观察它的变化。用忽进忽退的行动，以观察它的阵势是否稳固；迫近威胁敌人，看它是否恐惧；按兵不动，
看它是否
懈怠；进行佯动，看它是否疑感；突然教击，看它阵容是否整治。在敌人犹豫不决的时候打击它，乘敌人仓卒无备的时候选攻它，使敌人战斗力无法施展。袭击敌人
并打乱它的部署，利用敌人冒险轻进的错误，阻止它实现其企图，粉碎它既定的计划，乘它军心恐惧时歼灭它。
(5)
凡从奔勿息，敌人或止于路则虑之。
In warfare, when pursuing an enemy, do not rest. If some of the enemy stop on the road, be wary.
凡是追击溃败的敌人，一定不要停息，敌人如果在中途停止，就要慎重考虑它的企图。
(6)
凡近敌都，必有进路。退，必有反虑。
In warfare, when nearing an enemy's city, you must have a route of
attack. When about to withdraw, you must ponder the retreat route.
凡是迫近敌人都城的时候，一定要先研究好进军的道路。退却的时侯，也一定要预先考虑好后退的方案。
(7)
凡战，先则弊，后则慑，息则怠，不息亦弊，息久亦反其慑。
In warfare, if you move too early, you will be exhausted easily; if
you move too late, the men maybe afraid. If focus on resting the men,
the men would become lax, if you do not rest the men, they will be
exhausted, yet if the men are allowed to rest too long, they may become
afraid.
凡是作战，行动过早易使兵力疲惫，行动过迟易使军心畏怯，只注意休息会使军队懈怠，总不休息必然使军队疲困，但是休息久了，反而会产生怯战心理。
(7)
书亲绝，是谓绝顾之虑。选良次兵，是谓益人之强。弃任节食，是谓开人之意。自古之政也
Writing letters to families should be forbidden, this is to break all
troubles of life. Select the best and equipping them with weapons, this
is to increase the strength of troops. Abandoning armor and carrying
minimal rations, this is to motivate the troops. From antiquity, this
have been the administration of troops.
禁绝士卒和亲人通信，以断绝他们思家的念头。选拔优秀人才，授予兵器，以提高军队的战斗力。舍弃笨重装备，少带粮食，以激发士卒死战的决心。这些，都是从古以来治军作战的方法。
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